Preheat the oven to 350 degrees, grease and flour three 8×2 inch round pans.(We also like to add circles of parchment to the bottom of the pans.)
In a medium bowl, whisk the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
In another bowl, add the buttermilk, vegetable oil, lime zest and key lime juice. Set aside.
In the bowl of your mixer, add the butter and mix at medium speed until smooth. Gradually add the sugar and continue to mix on medium speed for 3 to 5 minutes until lightened in color and fluffy.
Add the eggs one at a time mixing until the yellow of the yolk disappears.
With the mixer on low speed, alternately add the flour mixture and buttermilk mixture, beginning and ending with the dry ingredients (3 additions of dry ingredients and 2 of liquid). Mix just until combined (do not overmix).
Divide batter between three prepared 8 inch cake pans.
Bake at 350 degrees for 22-24 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean or with just few crumbs attached. Let cool 10 minutes and turn out.